Details of Metabolite

General Information of MET (ID: META00195)
Name Aspartic acid
Synonyms   Click to Show/Hide Synonyms of This Metabolite
(+)-Aspartate; (+)-Aspartic acid; (+-)-Aspartic acid; (2S)-Aspartate; (2S)-Aspartic acid; (L)-Aspartate; (L)-Aspartic acid; (R)-2-Aminosuccinate; (R,S)-Aspartic acid; (S)-(+)-Aspartate; (S)-(+)-Aspartic acid; (S)-2-Aminobutanedioate; (S)-2-Aminobutanedioic acid; (S)-2-Aminosuccinate; (S)-2-Aminosuccinic acid; (S)-Amino-butanedioate; (S)-Amino-butanedioic acid; (S)-Aminobutanedioate; (S)-Aminobutanedioic acid; (S)-Aspartate; (S)-Aspartic acid; 2-Amino-3-methylsuccinate; 2-Amino-3-methylsuccinic acid; 2-Aminosuccinate; 2-Aminosuccinic acid; ASPARTIC ACID; ASPARTate; Aminosuccinate; Ammonium aspartate; Asp; Asparagate; Asparagic acid; Asparaginate; Asparaginic acid; Asparatate; Aspartate magnesium hydrochloride; Aspartate, ammonium; Aspartate, calcium; Aspartate, dipotassium; Aspartate, disodium; Aspartate, magnesium; Aspartate, monopotassium; Aspartate, monosodium; Aspartate, potassium; Aspartate, sodium; Aspartic acid, ammonium salt; Aspartic acid, calcium salt; Aspartic acid, dipotassium salt; Aspartic acid, disodium salt; Aspartic acid, hydrobromide; Aspartic acid, hydrochloride; Aspartic acid, magnesium (1:1) salt, hydrochloride, trihydrate; Aspartic acid, magnesium (2:1) salt; Aspartic acid, magnesium-potassium (2:1:2) salt; Aspartic acid, monopotassium salt; Aspartic acid, monosodium salt; Aspartic acid, potassium salt; Aspartic acid, sodium salt; Calcium aspartate; D; Dipotassium aspartate; Disodium aspartate; H-Asp-OH; Hydrobromide aspartic acid; Hydrochloride aspartic acid; Hydrochloride, aspartate magnesium; L Aspartate; L Aspartic acid; L-(+)-Aspartate; L-(+)-Aspartic acid; L-Aminosuccinate; L-Aminosuccinic acid; L-Asp; L-Asparagate; L-Asparagic acid; L-Asparaginate; L-Asparaginic acid; L-Asparaginsaeure; L-Aspartate; MG 5 Longoral; MG-5-Longoral; MG5Longoral; Magnesiocard; Magnesium aspartate; Monopotassium aspartate; Monosodium aspartate; Poly-DL-succinimide; Polysuccinimide; Potassium aspartate; Sodium aspartate; alpha-Aminosuccinate; alpha-Aminosuccinic acid
Source Endogenous;Escherichia Coli Metabolite;Yeast Metabolite;Food;Drug;Cosmetic;Food additives;Microbial
Structure Type   Amino acids, peptides, and analogues  (Click to Show/Hide the Complete Structure Type Hierarchy)
Organic acids and derivatives
Carboxylic acids and derivatives
Amino acids, peptides, and analogues
PubChem CID
5960
HMDB ID
HMDB0000191
Formula
C4H7NO4
Structure
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3D MOL 2D MOL
  Click to Show/Hide the Molecular/Functional Data (External Links/Property/Function) of This Metabolite
KEGG ID
C00049
DrugBank ID
DB00128
ChEBI ID
17053
FooDB ID
FDB012567
ChemSpider ID
5745
METLIN ID
5206
Physicochemical Properties Molecular Weight 133.1 Topological Polar Surface Area 101
XlogP -2.8 Complexity 133
Heavy Atom Count 9 Rotatable Bond Count 3
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count 3 Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count 5
Function
Aspartic acid (Asp, D), also known as aspartate, the name of its anion, is one of the 20 natural proteinogenic amino acids which are the building blocks of proteins. As its name indicates, aspartic acid is the carboxylic acid analog of asparagine. As a neurotransmitter, aspartic acid may provide resistance to fatigue and thus lead to endurance, although the evidence to support this idea is not strong. Aspartic acid is a nonessential amino acid that is made from glutamic acid by enzymes using vitamin B6. The amino acid has important roles in the urea cycle and DNA metabolism. Aspartic acid is a major excitatory neurotransmitter, which is sometimes found to be increased in epileptic and stroke patients. It is decreased in depressed patients and in patients with brain atrophy. Aspartic acid supplements are being evaluated. Five grams can raise blood levels. Magnesium and zinc may be natural inhibitors of some of the actions of aspartic acid. Aspartic acid, with the amino acid phenylalanine, is a part of a new natural sweetener, aspartame. This sweetener is an advance in artificial sweeteners, and is probably safe in normal doses to all except phenylketonurics. The jury is still out on the long-term effects it has on many brain neurohormones. Aspartic acid may be a significant immunostimulant of the thymus and can protect against some of the damaging effects of radiation. Many claims have been made for the special value of administering aspartic acid in the form of potassium and magnesium salts. Since aspartic acid is relatively nontoxic, studies are now in progress to elucidate its pharmacological and therapeutic roles (http://www.dcnutrition.com/AminoAcids).
Regulatory Network
Full List of Protein(s) Regulating This Metabolite
      Amino acid/auxin permease (AAAP)
            Sodium-coupled neutral amino transporter 8 (SLC38A8) Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   1 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Protein   Info click to show the details of this protein
               Regulating Pair Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [1]
                      Introduced Variation Overexpression of SLC38A8
                      Induced Change Aspartic acid concentration: increase
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Healthy individual
                      Details It is reported that overexpression of SLC38A8 leads to the increase of aspartic acid levels compared with control group.
            Solute carrier family 38 member 2 (SLC38A2) Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   1 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Protein   Info click to show the details of this protein
               Regulating Pair Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [2]
                      Introduced Variation Knockdown (siRNA) of SLC38A2
                      Induced Change Aspartic acid concentration: increase (FC = 1.33)
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Healthy individual
                      Details It is reported that knockdown of SLC38A2 leads to the increase of aspartic acid levels compared with control group.
      Dicarboxylate/amino acid:cation symporter (DAACS)
            Excitatory amino acid transporter 3 (SLC1A1) Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   6 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Protein   Info click to show the details of this protein
               Regulating Pair (1) Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [3]
                      Introduced Variation Overexpression of SLC1A1
                      Induced Change Aspartic acid concentration: decrease
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Motor neuron disease [ICD-11: 8B60]
                      Details It is reported that overexpression of SLC1A1 leads to the decrease of aspartic acid levels compared with control group.
               Regulating Pair (2) Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [4]
                      Introduced Variation Mutation (D444A) of SLC1A1
                      Induced Change Aspartic acid concentration: decrease
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Healthy individual
                      Details It is reported that mutation (D444A) of SLC1A1 leads to the decrease of aspartic acid levels compared with control group.
               Regulating Pair (3) Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [4]
                      Introduced Variation Mutation (D444C) of SLC1A1
                      Induced Change Aspartic acid concentration: decrease
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Healthy individual
                      Details It is reported that mutation (D444C) of SLC1A1 leads to the decrease of aspartic acid levels compared with control group.
               Regulating Pair (4) Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [4]
                      Introduced Variation Mutation (D444E) of SLC1A1
                      Induced Change Aspartic acid concentration: decrease
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Healthy individual
                      Details It is reported that mutation (D444E) of SLC1A1 leads to the decrease of aspartic acid levels compared with control group.
               Regulating Pair (5) Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [4]
                      Introduced Variation Mutation (D444N) of SLC1A1
                      Induced Change Aspartic acid concentration: decrease
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Healthy individual
                      Details It is reported that mutation (D444N) of SLC1A1 leads to the decrease of aspartic acid levels compared with control group.
               Regulating Pair (6) Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [4]
                      Introduced Variation Mutation (D444S) of SLC1A1
                      Induced Change Aspartic acid concentration: decrease
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Healthy individual
                      Details It is reported that mutation (D444S) of SLC1A1 leads to the decrease of aspartic acid levels compared with control group.
      Formin homology (FH)
            FH1/FH2 domain-containing protein 1 (FHOD1) Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   1 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Protein   Info click to show the details of this protein
               Regulating Pair Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [5]
                      Introduced Variation Knockout of FHOD1
                      Induced Change Aspartic acid concentration: increase
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Healthy individual
                      Details It is reported that knockout of FHOD1 leads to the increase of aspartic acid levels compared with control group.
      GPCR rhodopsin (GPCR-1)
            Adrenergic receptor beta-3 (ADRB3) Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   1 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Protein   Info click to show the details of this protein
               Regulating Pair Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [6]
                      Introduced Variation Agonist (CL-316,243) of Adrb3
                      Induced Change Aspartic acid concentration: increase
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Healthy individual
                      Details It is reported that agonist of ADRB3 leads to the increase of aspartic acid levels compared with control group.
      GPCR secretin (GPCR-2)
            Glucagon receptor (GCGR) Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   1 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Protein   Info click to show the details of this protein
               Regulating Pair Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [7]
                      Introduced Variation Knockout of Gcgr
                      Induced Change Aspartic acid concentration: increase (FC = 3.6)
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Type 2 diabetes mellitus [ICD-11: 5A11]
                      Details It is reported that knockout of GCGR leads to the increase of aspartic acid levels compared with control group.
      Hydrolases (EC 3)
            Alpha-N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAGLU) Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   1 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Protein   Info click to show the details of this protein
               Regulating Pair Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [8]
                      Introduced Variation Knockout of Naglu
                      Induced Change Aspartic acid concentration: decrease
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Lysosomal storage diseases [ICD-11: 5C56]
                      Details It is reported that knockout of Naglu leads to the decrease of aspartic acid levels compared with control group.
            Sulfatase sulf-1 (SULF1) Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   1 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Protein   Info click to show the details of this protein
               Regulating Pair Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [9]
                      Introduced Variation Knockdown (shRNA) of SULF1
                      Induced Change Aspartic acid concentration: decrease (FC = 0.30 / 0.47)
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Ovarian cancer [ICD-11: 2C73]
                      Details It is reported that knockdown of SULF1 leads to the decrease of aspartic acid levels compared with control group.
      Lyases (EC 4)
            Fumarate hydratase (FH) Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   1 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Protein   Info click to show the details of this protein
               Regulating Pair Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [10]
                      Introduced Variation Knockout of Fh
                      Induced Change Aspartic acid concentration: increase
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status hydronephrosis [ICD-11: GB56]
                      Details It is reported that knockout of FLNB leads to the increase of aspartic acid levels compared with control group.
      Mitochondrial carrier (MC)
            Glutamate carrier 1 (SLC25A22) Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   1 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Protein   Info click to show the details of this protein
               Regulating Pair Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [11]
                      Introduced Variation Knockdown (shRNA) of SLC25A22
                      Induced Change Aspartic acid concentration: decrease
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Colon cancer [ICD-11: 2B90]
                      Details It is reported that knockdown of SLC25A22 leads to the decrease of aspartic acid levels compared with control group.
      Oxidoreductases (EC 1)
            Alcohol dehydrogenase iron 1 (ADHFE1) Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   1 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Protein   Info click to show the details of this protein
               Regulating Pair Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [12]
                      Introduced Variation Overexpression of ADHFE1
                      Induced Change Aspartic acid concentration: increase
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Breast cancer [ICD-11: 2C60]
                      Details It is reported that overexpression of ADHFE1 leads to the increase of aspartic acid levels compared with control group.
            D-beta-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (BDH1) Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   1 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Protein   Info click to show the details of this protein
               Regulating Pair Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [13]
                      Introduced Variation Knockdown (shRNA) of BDH1
                      Induced Change Aspartic acid concentration: decrease
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Hepatocellular carcinoma [ICD-11: 2C12]
                      Details It is reported that knockdown of BDH1 leads to the decrease of aspartic acid levels compared with control group.
            Glutamate-cysteine ligase modifier (GCLM) Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   1 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Protein   Info click to show the details of this protein
               Regulating Pair Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [14]
                      Introduced Variation Knockout of Gclm
                      Induced Change Aspartic acid concentration: increase (FC = 1.30)
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Metabolic liver disease [ICD-11: 5C90]
                      Details It is reported that knockout of Gclm leads to the increase of aspartic acid levels compared with control group.
      Pore-forming PNC peptide (PNC)
            Cellular tumor antigen p53 (TP53) Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   1 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Protein   Info click to show the details of this protein
               Regulating Pair Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [15]
                      Introduced Variation Knockout of TP53
                      Induced Change Aspartic acid concentration: decrease (Log2 FC=0.57)
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Colon cancer [ICD-11: 2B90]
                      Details It is reported that knockout of TP53 leads to the decrease of aspartic acid levels compared with control group.
      Sodium/anion cotransporter (SAC)
            Sialin (HP59) Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   2 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Protein   Info click to show the details of this protein
               Regulating Pair (1) Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [16]
                      Introduced Variation Mutation (K136E) of SLC17A5
                      Induced Change Aspartic acid concentration: decrease
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Lysosomal storage diseases [ICD-11: 5C56]
                      Details It is reported that mutation (K136E) of SLC17A5 leads to the decrease of aspartic acid levels compared with control group.
               Regulating Pair (2) Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [16]
                      Introduced Variation Mutation (R39C) of SLC17A5
                      Induced Change Aspartic acid concentration: decrease
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Lysosomal storage diseases [ICD-11: 5C56]
                      Details It is reported that mutation (R39C) of SLC17A5 leads to the decrease of aspartic acid levels compared with control group.
      Transcription factor (TF)
            Forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1) Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   1 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Protein   Info click to show the details of this protein
               Regulating Pair Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [17]
                      Introduced Variation Overexpression of Foxo1
                      Induced Change Aspartic acid concentration: decrease (FC = 0.60)
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Healthy individual
                      Details It is reported that overexpression of Foxo1 leads to the decrease of aspartic acid levels compared with control group.
            Myc proto-oncogene protein (MYC) Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   1 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Protein   Info click to show the details of this protein
               Regulating Pair Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [18]
                      Introduced Variation Knockdown (siRNA) of MYC
                      Induced Change Aspartic acid concentration: decrease
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Colorectal cancer [ICD-11: 2B91]
                      Details It is reported that knockdown of MYC leads to the decrease of aspartic acid levels compared with control group.
            R2R3-MYB (AN2) Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   1 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Protein   Info click to show the details of this protein
               Regulating Pair Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [19]
                      Introduced Variation Overexpression of AN2
                      Induced Change Aspartic acid concentration: decrease (FC = 0.49)
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Healthy individual
                      Details It is reported that overexpression of AN2 leads to the decrease of aspartic acid levels compared with control group.
      Transferases (EC 2)
            Citrate synthase (CS) Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   2 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Protein   Info click to show the details of this protein
               Regulating Pair (1) Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [20]
                      Introduced Variation Knockdown (siRNA) of CS
                      Induced Change Aspartic acid concentration: increase
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Healthy individual
                      Details It is reported that knockdown of CS leads to the increase of aspartic acid levels compared with control group.
               Regulating Pair (2) Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [21]
                      Introduced Variation Knockdown (shRNA) of CS
                      Induced Change Aspartic acid concentration: increase
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Lung cancer [ICD-11: 2C25]
                      Details It is reported that knockdown of CS leads to the increase of aspartic acid levels compared with control group.
            Dihydrolipoamide S-succinyltransferase (DLST) Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   1 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Protein   Info click to show the details of this protein
               Regulating Pair Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [22]
                      Introduced Variation Knockout of Dlst
                      Induced Change Aspartic acid concentration: decrease (FC = 0.71)
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Alzheimer disease [ICD-11: 8A20]
                      Details It is reported that knockout of Dlst leads to the decrease of aspartic acid levels compared with control group.
            Isoprenylcysteine carboxylmethyltransferase (ICMT) Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   1 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Protein   Info click to show the details of this protein
               Regulating Pair Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [23]
                      Introduced Variation Inhibition (Cysmethynil) of ICMT
                      Induced Change Aspartic acid concentration: decrease
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Breast cancer [ICD-11: 2C60]
                      Details It is reported that inhibition of ICMT leads to the decrease of aspartic acid levels compared with control group.
            Succinyl CoA:3-oxoacid CoA transferase (SCOT) Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   2 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Protein   Info click to show the details of this protein
               Regulating Pair (1) Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [13]
                      Introduced Variation Overexpression of OXCT1
                      Induced Change Aspartic acid concentration: increase
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Hepatocellular carcinoma [ICD-11: 2C12]
                      Details It is reported that overexpression of OXCT1 leads to the increase of aspartic acid levels compared with control group.
               Regulating Pair (2) Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [13]
                      Introduced Variation Knockdown (shRNA) of OXCT1
                      Induced Change Aspartic acid concentration: decrease
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Hepatocellular carcinoma [ICD-11: 2C12]
                      Details It is reported that knockdown of OXCT1 leads to the decrease of aspartic acid levels compared with control group.
References
1 Transport of L-glutamine, L-alanine, L-arginine and L-histidine by the neuron-specific Slc38a8 (SNAT8) in CNS. J Mol Biol. 2015 Mar 27;427(6 Pt B):1495-1512.
2 SNAT2 silencing prevents the osmotic induction of transport system A and hinders cell recovery from hypertonic stress. FEBS Lett. 2005 Jun 20;579(16):3376-80.
3 Primary structure and functional characterization of a high-affinity glutamate transporter. Nature. 1992 Dec 3;360(6403):467-71.
4 Aspartate-444 is essential for productive substrate interactions in a neuronal glutamate transporter. J Gen Physiol. 2007 Jun;129(6):527-39.
5 Reversed argininosuccinate lyase activity in fumarate hydratase-deficient cancer cells. Cancer Metab. 2013 Mar 21;1(1):12.
6 Metabolic changes in adipose tissues in response to 3 -adrenergic receptor activation in mice. J Cell Biochem. 2019 Jan;120(1):821-835.
7 Polyomic profiling reveals significant hepatic metabolic alterations in glucagon-receptor (GCGR) knockout mice: implications on anti-glucagon therapies for diabetes. BMC Genomics. 2011 Jun 1;12:281.
8 Near-Complete Correction of Profound Metabolomic Impairments Corresponding to Functional Benefit in MPS IIIB Mice after IV rAAV9-hNAGLU Gene Delivery. Mol Ther. 2017 Mar 1;25(3):792-802.
9 Erratum to: Loss of HSulf-1 promotes altered lipid metabolism in ovarian cancer. Cancer Metab. 2014 Nov 4;2:24.
10 A role for cytosolic fumarate hydratase in urea cycle metabolism and renal neoplasia. Cell Rep. 2013 May 30;3(5):1440-8.
11 SLC25A22 Promotes Proliferation and Survival of Colorectal Cancer Cells With KRAS Mutations and Xenograft Tumor Progression in Mice via Intracellular Synthesis of Aspartate. Gastroenterology. 2016 Nov;151(5):945-960.e6.
12 ADHFE1 is a breast cancer oncogene and induces metabolic reprogramming. J Clin Invest. 2018 Jan 2;128(1):323-340.
13 Hepatocellular carcinoma redirects to ketolysis for progression under nutrition deprivation stress. Cell Res. 2016 Oct;26(10):1112-1130.
14 Hepatic metabolic adaptation in a murine model of glutathione deficiency. Chem Biol Interact. 2019 Apr 25;303:1-6.
15 Integrative omics analysis of p53-dependent regulation of metabolism. FEBS Lett. 2018 Feb;592(3):380-393.
16 Functional characterization of vesicular excitatory amino acid transport by human sialin. J Neurochem. 2011 Oct;119(1):1-5.
17 Metabolomic analysis of C2C12 myoblasts induced by the transcription factor FOXO1. FEBS Lett. 2019 Jun;593(12):1303-1312.
18 Global metabolic reprogramming of colorectal cancer occurs at adenoma stage and is induced by MYC. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2017 Sep 12;114(37):E7697-E7706.
19 Comprehensive Influences of Overexpression of a MYB Transcriptor Regulating Anthocyanin Biosynthesis on Transcriptome and Metabolome of Tobacco Leaves. Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Oct 16;20(20):5123.
20 Asparagine plays a critical role in regulating cellular adaptation to glutamine depletion. Mol Cell. 2014 Oct 23;56(2):205-218.
21 Diversion of aspartate in ASS1-deficient tumours fosters de novo pyrimidine synthesis. Nature. 2015 Nov 19;527(7578):379-383.
22 Brain [U-13 C]glucose metabolism in mice with decreased -ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex activity. J Neurosci Res. 2011 Dec;89(12):1997-2007.
23 Isoprenylcysteine carboxylmethyltransferase regulates mitochondrial respiration and cancer cell metabolism. Oncogene. 2015 Jun;34(25):3296-304.

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