Details of Protein

General Information of Protein (ID: PRT00928)
Name Group 10 secretory phospholipase A2 (PLA2G10)
Synonyms   Click to Show/Hide Synonyms of This Protein
Group X secretory phospholipase A2; GX sPLA2; sPLA2-X; Phosphatidylcholine 2-acylhydrolase 10; Pla2g10
Gene Name Pla2g10 Gene ID
26565
UniProt ID
Q9QXX3
Family Hydrolases (EC 3)
EC Number   EC: 3.1.1.4  (Click to Show/Hide the Complete EC Tree)
Hydrolases
Ester bond hydrolase
Carboxylic ester hydrolase
EC: 3.1.1.4
  Click to Show/Hide the Molecular/Functional Data (Sequence/Structure/Function) of This Protein
Sequence
MLLLLLLLLLGPGPGFSEATRRSHVYKRGLLELAGTLDCVGPRSPMAYMNYGCYCGLGGH
GEPRDAIDWCCYHHDCCYSRAQDAGCSPKLDRYPWKCMDHHILCGPAENKCQELLCRCDE
ELAYCLAGTEYHLKYLFFPSILCEKDSPKCN
Function Secretory calcium-dependent phospholipase A2 that primarily targets extracellular phospholipids. Hydrolyzes the ester bond of the fatty acyl group attached at sn-2 position of phospholipids with preference for phosphatidylcholines and phosphatidylglycerols over phosphatidylethanolamines. Preferentially releases sn-2 omega-6 and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acyl (PUFA) chains over saturated fatty acyls. Contributes to phospholipid remodeling of very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles. Hydrolyzes LDL phospholipids releasing unsaturated fatty acids that regulate macrophage differentiation toward foam cells. Efficiently hydrolyzes and inactivates PAF, a potent lipid mediator present in oxidized LDL. May act in an autocrine and paracrine manner. Secreted by lung epithelium, targets membrane phospholipids of infiltrating eosinophils, releasing arachidonate and boosting eicosanoid and cysteinyl leukotriene synthesis involved in airway inflammatory response. Secreted by gut epithelium, hydrolyzes dietary and biliary phosphatidylcholines in the gastrointestinal lumen, thereby regulating adipogenesis and body weight. Plays a stem cell regulator role in colon epithelium. Within intracellular compartment, mediates Paneth-like cell differentiation and its stem cell supporting functions by inhibiting Wnt signaling pathway in intestinal stem cell (ISC). Secreted in the intestinal lumen upon inflammation, acts in an autocrine way and promotes prostaglandin E2 synthesis that stimulates the Wnt signaling pathway in ISCs and tissue regeneration. May participate in hair follicle morphogenesis by regulating phosphatidylethanolamines metabolism at the outermost epithelial layer and facilitating melanin synthesis. By generating lysophosphatidylcholines (LPCs) at sperm acrosome controls sperm cell capacitation, acrosome reaction and overall fertility. May promote neurite outgrowth in neuron fibers involved in nociception. Contributes to lipid remodeling of cellular membranes and generation of lipid mediators involved in pathogen clearance. Cleaves sn-2 fatty acyl chains of phosphatidylglycerols and phosphatidylethanolamines, which are major components of membrane phospholipids in bacteria. Displays bactericidal activity against Gram-positive bacteria by directly hydrolyzing phospholipids of the bacterial membrane. In pulmonary epithelium, may contribute to host defense response against adenoviral infection. Prevents adenovirus entry into host cells by hydrolyzing host cell plasma membrane, releasing C16:0 LPCs that inhibit virus-mediated membrane fusion and viral infection. Likely prevents adenoviral entry into the endosomes of host cells. May play a role in maturation and activation of innate immune cells including macrophages, group 2 innate lymphoid cells and mast cells.
Regulatory Network
Full List of Metabolite(s) Regulated by This Protein
      Lipid-related molecules
            4-Hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   1 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Metabo  Info click to show the details of this metabolite
               Regulating Pair Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [1]
                      Introduced Variation Knockout of Pla2g10
                      Induced Change 4-hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid concentration: decrease
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Inflammatory bowel disease [ICD-11: DD72]
                      Details It is reported that knockout of Pla2g10 leads to the decrease of 4-hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid levels compared with control group.
      Lipids and lipid-like molecules
            10-Hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   1 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Metabo  Info click to show the details of this metabolite
               Regulating Pair Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [1]
                      Introduced Variation Overexpression of Pla2g10
                      Induced Change 10-Hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid concentration: increase
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Inflammatory bowel disease [ICD-11: DD72]
                      Details It is reported that overexpression of Pla2g10 leads to the increase of 10-hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid levels compared with control group.
            12-HEPE Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   1 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Metabo  Info click to show the details of this metabolite
               Regulating Pair Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [1]
                      Introduced Variation Overexpression of Pla2g10
                      Induced Change 12-HEPE concentration: increase
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Inflammatory bowel disease [ICD-11: DD72]
                      Details It is reported that overexpression of Pla2g10 leads to the increase of 12-HEPE levels compared with control group.
            12-Hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   1 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Metabo  Info click to show the details of this metabolite
               Regulating Pair Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [1]
                      Introduced Variation Overexpression of Pla2g10
                      Induced Change 12-Hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid concentration: increase
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Inflammatory bowel disease [ICD-11: DD72]
                      Details It is reported that overexpression of Pla2g10 leads to the increase of 12-hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid levels compared with control group.
            13-HDoHE Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   1 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Metabo  Info click to show the details of this metabolite
               Regulating Pair Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [1]
                      Introduced Variation Overexpression of Pla2g10
                      Induced Change 13-HDoHE concentration: increase
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Inflammatory bowel disease [ICD-11: DD72]
                      Details It is reported that overexpression of Pla2g10 leads to the increase of 13-HDoHE levels compared with control group.
            15-Keto-prostaglandin F2a Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   1 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Metabo  Info click to show the details of this metabolite
               Regulating Pair Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [1]
                      Introduced Variation Overexpression of Pla2g10
                      Induced Change 15-Keto-prostaglandin F2a concentration: increase
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Inflammatory bowel disease [ICD-11: DD72]
                      Details It is reported that overexpression of Pla2g10 leads to the increase of 15-keto-prostaglandin F2a levels compared with control group.
            18-Hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   1 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Metabo  Info click to show the details of this metabolite
               Regulating Pair Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [1]
                      Introduced Variation Knockout of Pla2g10
                      Induced Change 18-Hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid concentration: decrease
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Inflammatory bowel disease [ICD-11: DD72]
                      Details It is reported that knockout of Pla2g10 leads to the decrease of 18-hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid levels compared with control group.
            5-HEPE Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   1 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Metabo  Info click to show the details of this metabolite
               Regulating Pair Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [1]
                      Introduced Variation Overexpression of Pla2g10
                      Induced Change 5-HEPE concentration: increase
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Inflammatory bowel disease [ICD-11: DD72]
                      Details It is reported that overexpression of Pla2g10 leads to the increase of 5-HEPE levels compared with control group.
            7-HDoHE Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   2 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Metabo  Info click to show the details of this metabolite
               Regulating Pair (1) Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [1]
                      Introduced Variation Knockout of Pla2g10
                      Induced Change 7-HDoHE concentration: decrease
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Inflammatory bowel disease [ICD-11: DD72]
                      Details It is reported that knockout of Pla2g10 leads to the decrease of 7-HDoHE levels compared with control group.
               Regulating Pair (2) Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [1]
                      Introduced Variation Overexpression of Pla2g10
                      Induced Change 7-HDoHE concentration: increase
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Inflammatory bowel disease [ICD-11: DD72]
                      Details It is reported that overexpression of Pla2g10 leads to the increase of 7-HDoHE levels compared with control group.
            Arachidonic acid Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   2 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Metabo  Info click to show the details of this metabolite
               Regulating Pair (1) Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [1]
                      Introduced Variation Knockout of Pla2g10
                      Induced Change Arachidonic acid concentration: decrease
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Inflammatory bowel disease [ICD-11: DD72]
                      Details It is reported that knockout of Pla2g10 leads to the decrease of arachidonic acid levels compared with control group.
               Regulating Pair (2) Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [1]
                      Introduced Variation Overexpression of Pla2g10
                      Induced Change Arachidonic acid concentration: increase
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Inflammatory bowel disease [ICD-11: DD72]
                      Details It is reported that overexpression of Pla2g10 leads to the increase of arachidonic acid levels compared with control group.
            Docosahexaenoic acid Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   2 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Metabo  Info click to show the details of this metabolite
               Regulating Pair (1) Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [1]
                      Introduced Variation Overexpression of Pla2g10
                      Induced Change Docosahexaenoic acid concentration: increase
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Inflammatory bowel disease [ICD-11: DD72]
                      Details It is reported that overexpression of Pla2g10 leads to the increase of docosahexaenoic acid levels compared with control group.
               Regulating Pair (2) Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [1]
                      Introduced Variation Knockout of Pla2g10
                      Induced Change Docosahexaenoic acid concentration: decrease
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Inflammatory bowel disease [ICD-11: DD72]
                      Details It is reported that knockout of Pla2g10 leads to the decrease of docosahexaenoic acid levels compared with control group.
            Docosapentaenoic acid (22n-6) Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   1 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Metabo  Info click to show the details of this metabolite
               Regulating Pair Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [1]
                      Introduced Variation Knockout of Pla2g10
                      Induced Change Docosapentaenoic acid (22n-6) concentration: decrease
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Inflammatory bowel disease [ICD-11: DD72]
                      Details It is reported that knockout of Pla2g10 leads to the decrease of docosapentaenoic acid (22n-6) levels compared with control group.
            Eicosapentaenoic acid Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   2 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Metabo  Info click to show the details of this metabolite
               Regulating Pair (1) Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [1]
                      Introduced Variation Knockout of Pla2g10
                      Induced Change Eicosapentaenoic acid concentration: decrease
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Inflammatory bowel disease [ICD-11: DD72]
                      Details It is reported that knockout of Pla2g10 leads to the decrease of eicosapentaenoic acid levels compared with control group.
               Regulating Pair (2) Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [1]
                      Introduced Variation Overexpression of Pla2g10
                      Induced Change Eicosapentaenoic acid concentration: increase
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Inflammatory bowel disease [ICD-11: DD72]
                      Details It is reported that overexpression of Pla2g10 leads to the increase of eicosapentaenoic acid levels compared with control group.
            Leukotriene B4 Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   1 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Metabo  Info click to show the details of this metabolite
               Regulating Pair Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [2]
                      Introduced Variation Knockout of Pla2g10
                      Induced Change Leukotriene B4 concentration: decrease
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Acute asthma exacerbations [ICD-11: CA23]
                      Details It is reported that knockout of Pla2g10 leads to the decrease of leukotriene B4 levels compared with control group.
            Neuroprotectin D1 Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   1 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Metabo  Info click to show the details of this metabolite
               Regulating Pair Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [1]
                      Introduced Variation Overexpression of Pla2g10
                      Induced Change Neuroprotectin D1 concentration: increase
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Inflammatory bowel disease [ICD-11: DD72]
                      Details It is reported that overexpression of Pla2g10 leads to the increase of neuroprotectin D1 levels compared with control group.
            PGD2 ethanolamide Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   1 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Metabo  Info click to show the details of this metabolite
               Regulating Pair Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [2]
                      Introduced Variation Knockout of Pla2g10
                      Induced Change PGD2 ethanolamide concentration: decrease
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Acute asthma exacerbations [ICD-11: CA23]
                      Details It is reported that knockout of Pla2g10 leads to the decrease of PGD2 ethanolamide levels compared with control group.
            Prostaglandin D2 Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   1 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Metabo  Info click to show the details of this metabolite
               Regulating Pair Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [1]
                      Introduced Variation Overexpression of Pla2g10
                      Induced Change Prostaglandin D2 concentration: increase
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Inflammatory bowel disease [ICD-11: DD72]
                      Details It is reported that overexpression of Pla2g10 leads to the increase of prostaglandin D2 levels compared with control group.
            Prostaglandin E2 Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   2 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Metabo  Info click to show the details of this metabolite
               Regulating Pair (1) Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [1]
                      Introduced Variation Overexpression of Pla2g10
                      Induced Change Prostaglandin E2 concentration: increase
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Inflammatory bowel disease [ICD-11: DD72]
                      Details It is reported that overexpression of Pla2g10 leads to the increase of prostaglandin E2 levels compared with control group.
               Regulating Pair (2) Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [2]
                      Introduced Variation Knockout of Pla2g10
                      Induced Change Prostaglandin E2 concentration: decrease
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Acute asthma exacerbations [ICD-11: CA23]
                      Details It is reported that knockout of Pla2g10 leads to the decrease of prostaglandin E2 levels compared with control group.
            Prostaglandin I2 Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   1 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Metabo  Info click to show the details of this metabolite
               Regulating Pair Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [1]
                      Introduced Variation Overexpression of Pla2g10
                      Induced Change Prostaglandin I2 concentration: increase
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Inflammatory bowel disease [ICD-11: DD72]
                      Details It is reported that overexpression of Pla2g10 leads to the increase of prostaglandin I2 levels compared with control group.
            Resolvin D2 Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   1 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Metabo  Info click to show the details of this metabolite
               Regulating Pair Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [1]
                      Introduced Variation Knockout of Pla2g10
                      Induced Change Resolvin D2 concentration: decrease
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Inflammatory bowel disease [ICD-11: DD72]
                      Details It is reported that knockout of Pla2g10 leads to the decrease of resolvin D2 levels compared with control group.
      Organic acids and derivatives
            20-COOH-leukotriene E4 Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   1 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Metabo  Info click to show the details of this metabolite
               Regulating Pair Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [2]
                      Introduced Variation Knockout of Pla2g10
                      Induced Change 20-COOH-leukotriene E4 concentration: decrease
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Acute asthma exacerbations [ICD-11: CA23]
                      Details It is reported that knockout of Pla2g10 leads to the decrease of 20-COOH-leukotriene E4 levels compared with control group.
References
1 Group X Secreted Phospholipase A2 Releases 3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids, Suppresses Colitis, and Promotes Sperm Fertility. J Biol Chem. 2016 Mar 25;291(13):6895-911.
2 Importance of group X-secreted phospholipase A2 in allergen-induced airway inflammation and remodeling in a mouse asthma model. J Exp Med. 2007 Apr 16;204(4):865-77.

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