Details of Metabolite

General Information of MET (ID: META00101)
Name Sphingosine 1-phosphate
Synonyms   Click to Show/Hide Synonyms of This Metabolite
(2-Amino-3-hydroxy-octadec-4-enoxy)phosphonate; (2-Amino-3-hydroxy-octadec-4-enoxy)phosphonic acid; (2S,3R,4E)-2-Amino-4-octadecene-1,3-diol 1-(dihydrogen phosphate); (2S,3R,4E)-2-Amino-4-octadecene-1,3-diol 1-(dihydrogen phosphoric acid); C18-Sphingosine 1-phosphate; C18-Sphingosine 1-phosphoric acid; D-Erythro-sphingosine 1-phosphate; D-Erythro-sphingosine 1-phosphoric acid; S1P; S1p Compound; Sphing-4-enine 1-phosphate; Sphing-4-enine 1-phosphoric acid; Sphingosine 1-phosphate; Sphingosine 1-phosphic acid; Sphingosine 1-phosphoric acid; Sphingosine-1-phosphate; Sphingosine-1-phosphoric acid
Source Aliphatic acyclic compounds
Structure Type   Phosphosphingolipids  (Click to Show/Hide the Complete Structure Type Hierarchy)
Lipids and lipid-like molecules
Sphingolipids
Phosphosphingolipids
PubChem CID
5283560
HMDB ID
HMDB0000277
Formula
C18H38NO5P
Structure
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3D MOL is unavailable 2D MOL
  Click to Show/Hide the Molecular/Functional Data (External Links/Property/Function) of This Metabolite
KEGG ID
C06124
ChEBI ID
37550
FooDB ID
FDB021927
ChemSpider ID
4446673
METLIN ID
5272
Physicochemical Properties Molecular Weight 379.5 Topological Polar Surface Area 113
XlogP 1.9 Complexity 373
Heavy Atom Count 25 Rotatable Bond Count 17
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count 4 Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count 6
Function
Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), also known as sphing-4-enine-1-phosphate, is classified as a member of the phosphosphingolipids. Phosphosphingolipids are sphingolipids with a structure based on a sphingoid base that is attached to a phosphate head group. They differ from phosphonospingolipids which have a phosphonate head group. S1P is a compound with potent bioactive actions in sphingolipid metabolism, the calcium signalling pathway, and neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction. Generated by sphingosine kinases and ceramide kinase, S1P control numerous aspects of cell physiology, including cell survival and mammalian inflammatory responses. S1P is involved in cyclooxygenase-2 induction (COX-2) and regulates the production of eicosanoids (important inflammatory mediators). S1P functions mainly via G-protein-coupled receptors and probably also has intracellular targets. S1P is considered to be practically insoluble (in water) and acidic.
Regulatory Network
Full List of Protein(s) Regulated by This Metabolite
      GPCR rhodopsin (GPCR-1)
            S1P receptor 1 (S1PR1) Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   1 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Protein   Info click to show the details of this protein
               Regulating Pair Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [1]
                      Introduced Variation Sphingosine 1-phosphate addition (0.08 hours)
                      Induced Change S1PR1 protein activity levels: increase
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Inflammatory bowel disease [ICD-11: DD72]
                      Details It is reported that sphingosine 1-phosphate addition causes the increase of S1PR1 protein activity compared with control group.
Full List of Protein(s) Regulating This Metabolite
      Bone morphogenic antagonist (BMA)
            DAN domain family member 5 (DAND5) Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   2 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Protein   Info click to show the details of this protein
               Regulating Pair (1) Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [2]
                      Introduced Variation Knockdown (siRNA) of DAND5
                      Induced Change Sphingosine 1-phosphate concentration: decrease
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Healthy individual
                      Details It is reported that knockdown of DAND5 leads to the decrease of sphingosine 1-phosphate levels compared with control group.
               Regulating Pair (2) Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [2]
                      Introduced Variation Knockdown (siRNA) of DAND5
                      Induced Change Sphingosine 1-phosphate concentration: increase (FC = 5.09)
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Healthy individual
                      Details It is reported that knockdown of DAND5 leads to the increase of sphingosine 1-phosphate levels compared with control group.
      Transferases (EC 2)
            Sphingosine kinase 1 (SPHK1) Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   1 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Protein   Info click to show the details of this protein
               Regulating Pair Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [3]
                      Introduced Variation Knockout of Sphk1
                      Induced Change Sphingosine 1-phosphate concentration: decrease
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Chronic kidney disease [ICD-11: GB61]
                      Details It is reported that knockout of Sphk1 leads to the decrease of sphingosine 1-phosphate levels compared with control group.
References
1 Amiselimod (MT-1303), a novel sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor-1 functional antagonist, inhibits progress of chronic colitis induced by transfer of CD4+CD45RBhigh T cells. PLoS One. 2019 Dec 5;14(12):e0226154.
2 Golgi alkaline ceramidase regulates cell proliferation and survival by controlling levels of sphingosine and S1P. FASEB J. 2006 Sep;20(11):1813-25.
3 Erythrocyte Metabolic Reprogramming by Sphingosine 1-Phosphate in Chronic Kidney Disease and Therapies. Circ Res. 2020 Jul 17;127(3):360-375.

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