Details of Metabolite

General Information of MET (ID: META00325)
Name 3-Phosphoglyceric acid
Synonyms   Click to Show/Hide Synonyms of This Metabolite
3-(Dihydrogen phosphate)glycerate; 3-(Dihydrogen phosphate)glyceric acid; 3-(Dihydrogen phosphoric acid)glyceric acid; 3-Glycerophosphorate; 3-Glycerophosphoric acid; 3-PG; 3-PGA; 3-Phospho-(R)-glycerate; 3-Phospho-D-glycerate; 3-Phospho-glycerate; 3-Phospho-glyceric acid; 3-Phosphoglycerate; 3-Phosphoglycerate, (R)-isomer; 3-Phosphoglycerate, monosodium salt; 3-Phosphoglycerate, trisodium salt; 3-p-D-Glycerate; 3-p-Glycerate; D-(-)-3-Phosphoglyceric acid; D-Glycerate 3-phosphate; DL-Glycerate 3-phosphate; DL-Glyceric acid 3-phosphoric acid; G3P; Glycerate 3-phosphate; Glycerate 3-phosphates; Glycerate-3-p; Glyceric acid 3-phosphate; Glyceric acid 3-phosphates; Glyceric acid 3-phosphoric acid; Phosphoglycerate
Source Endogenous;Escherichia Coli Metabolite;Yeast Metabolite;Food;Microbial
Structure Type   Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates  (Click to Show/Hide the Complete Structure Type Hierarchy)
Organic oxygen compounds
Organooxygen compounds
Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates
PubChem CID
724
HMDB ID
HMDB0000807
Formula
C3H7O7P
Structure
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3D MOL 2D MOL
  Click to Show/Hide the Molecular/Functional Data (External Links/Property/Function) of This Metabolite
KEGG ID
C00597
ChEBI ID
17050
FooDB ID
FDB022255
ChemSpider ID
704
METLIN ID
150
Physicochemical Properties Molecular Weight 186.06 Topological Polar Surface Area 124
XlogP -2.6 Complexity 182
Heavy Atom Count 11 Rotatable Bond Count 4
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count 4 Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count 7
Function
3-Phosphoglyceric acid (3PG) is a 3-carbon molecule that is a metabolic intermediate in both glycolysis and the Calvin cycle. This chemical is often termed PGA when referring to the Calvin cycle. In the Calvin cycle, two glycerate 3-phosphate molecules are reduced to form two molecules of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (GALP). 3-Phosphoglyceric acid has been identified in the human placenta.
Regulatory Network
Full List of Protein(s) Regulating This Metabolite
      Apolipoprotein (Apo)
            Apolipoprotein A-II (APOA2) Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   1 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Protein   Info click to show the details of this protein
               Regulating Pair Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [1]
                      Introduced Variation Mutation (-265T >C(rs5082)) of APOA2
                      Induced Change 3-Phosphoglyceric acid concentration: increase (FC = 1.53)
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Obesity [ICD-11: 5B81]
                      Details It is reported that mutation (-265T >C(rs5082)) of APOA2 leads to the increase of 3-phosphoglyceric acid levels compared with control group.
      GPCR secretin (GPCR-2)
            Glucagon receptor (GCGR) Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   1 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Protein   Info click to show the details of this protein
               Regulating Pair Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [2]
                      Introduced Variation Knockout of Gcgr
                      Induced Change 3-Phosphoglyceric acid concentration: decrease (FC = 2.2)
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Type 2 diabetes mellitus [ICD-11: 5A11]
                      Details It is reported that knockout of GCGR leads to the decrease of 3-phosphoglyceric acid levels compared with control group.
      Hydrolases (EC 3)
            Glycerol-3-phosphate phosphatase (PGP) Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   1 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Protein   Info click to show the details of this protein
               Regulating Pair Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [3]
                      Introduced Variation Knockdown (shRNA) of PGP
                      Induced Change 3-Phosphoglyceric acid concentration: increase
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Healthy individual
                      Details It is reported that knockdown of PGP leads to the increase of 3-phosphoglyceric acid levels compared with control group.
            Sulfatase sulf-1 (SULF1) Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   2 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Protein   Info click to show the details of this protein
               Regulating Pair (1) Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [4]
                      Introduced Variation Knockdown (shRNA) of SULF1
                      Induced Change 3-Phosphoglyceric acid concentration: decrease (FC = 0.53 / 0.62)
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Ovarian cancer [ICD-11: 2C73]
                      Details It is reported that knockdown of SULF1 leads to the decrease of 3-phosphoglyceric acid levels compared with control group.
               Regulating Pair (2) Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [5]
                      Introduced Variation Knockdown (shRNA) of SULF1
                      Induced Change 3-Phosphoglyceric acid concentration: increase (FC = 6.02)
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Ovarian cancer [ICD-11: 2C73]
                      Details It is reported that knockdown of SULF1 leads to the increase of 3-phosphoglyceric acid levels compared with control group.
      Oxidoreductases (EC 1)
            Alcohol dehydrogenase iron 1 (ADHFE1) Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   1 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Protein   Info click to show the details of this protein
               Regulating Pair Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [6]
                      Introduced Variation Overexpression of ADHFE1
                      Induced Change 3-Phosphoglyceric acid concentration: increase
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Breast cancer [ICD-11: 2C60]
                      Details It is reported that overexpression of ADHFE1 leads to the increase of 3-phosphoglyceric acid levels compared with control group.
      Pore-forming PNC peptide (PNC)
            Cellular tumor antigen p53 (TP53) Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   1 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Protein   Info click to show the details of this protein
               Regulating Pair Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [7]
                      Introduced Variation Knockout of TP53
                      Induced Change 3-Phosphoglyceric acid concentration: increase (Log2 FC=1.29)
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Colon cancer [ICD-11: 2B90]
                      Details It is reported that knockout of TP53 leads to the increase of 3-phosphoglyceric acid levels compared with control group.
      Transcription factor (TF)
            Forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1) Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   1 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Protein   Info click to show the details of this protein
               Regulating Pair Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [8]
                      Introduced Variation Overexpression of Foxo1
                      Induced Change 3-Phosphoglyceric acid concentration: increase (FC = 1.80)
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Healthy individual
                      Details It is reported that overexpression of Foxo1 leads to the increase of 3-phosphoglyceric acid levels compared with control group.
            Myc proto-oncogene protein (MYC) Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   1 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Protein   Info click to show the details of this protein
               Regulating Pair Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [9]
                      Introduced Variation Knockdown (siRNA) of MYC
                      Induced Change 3-Phosphoglyceric acid concentration: decrease
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Colorectal cancer [ICD-11: 2B91]
                      Details It is reported that knockdown of MYC leads to the decrease of 3-phosphoglyceric acid levels compared with control group.
      Transferases (EC 2)
            Pyridoxal kinase (PDXK) Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   1 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Protein   Info click to show the details of this protein
               Regulating Pair Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [10]
                      Introduced Variation Knockout (CRISPR/Cas9 sgRNA) of PDXK
                      Induced Change 3-Phosphoglyceric acid concentration: decrease
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Acute myeloid leukaemia [ICD-11: 2A60]
                      Details It is reported that knockout of PDXK leads to the decrease of 3-phosphoglyceric acid levels compared with control group.
      Transmembrane protein (TMEM)
            Extracellular matrix receptor III (CD44) Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   1 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Protein   Info click to show the details of this protein
               Regulating Pair Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [11]
                      Introduced Variation Knockdown (shRNA) of CD44
                      Induced Change 3-Phosphoglyceric acid concentration: increase
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Colon cancer [ICD-11: 2B90]
                      Details It is reported that knockdown of CD44 leads to the increase of 3-phosphoglyceric acid levels compared with control group.
References
1 Epigenomics and metabolomics reveal the mechanism of the APOA2-saturated fat intake interaction affecting obesity. Am J Clin Nutr. 2018 Jul 1;108(1):188-200.
2 Polyomic profiling reveals significant hepatic metabolic alterations in glucagon-receptor (GCGR) knockout mice: implications on anti-glucagon therapies for diabetes. BMC Genomics. 2011 Jun 1;12:281.
3 A phosphoglycolate phosphatase/AUM-dependent link between triacylglycerol turnover and epidermal growth factor signaling. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids. 2018 Jun;1863(6):584-594.
4 Erratum to: Loss of HSulf-1 promotes altered lipid metabolism in ovarian cancer. Cancer Metab. 2014 Nov 4;2:24.
5 HSulf-1 deficiency dictates a metabolic reprograming of glycolysis and TCA cycle in ovarian cancer. Oncotarget. 2015 Oct 20;6(32):33705-19.
6 ADHFE1 is a breast cancer oncogene and induces metabolic reprogramming. J Clin Invest. 2018 Jan 2;128(1):323-340.
7 Integrative omics analysis of p53-dependent regulation of metabolism. FEBS Lett. 2018 Feb;592(3):380-393.
8 Metabolomic analysis of C2C12 myoblasts induced by the transcription factor FOXO1. FEBS Lett. 2019 Jun;593(12):1303-1312.
9 Global metabolic reprogramming of colorectal cancer occurs at adenoma stage and is induced by MYC. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2017 Sep 12;114(37):E7697-E7706.
10 Vitamin B6 Addiction in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Cancer Cell. 2020 Jan 13;37(1):71-84.e7.
11 Gold-nanofve surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy visualizes hypotaurine as a robust anti-oxidant consumed in cancer survival. Nat Commun. 2018 Apr 19;9(1):1561.

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