Details of Metabolite

General Information of MET (ID: META00363)
Name D-Fructose 2,6-bisphosphate
Synonyms   Click to Show/Hide Synonyms of This Metabolite
2,6-Di-O-phosphono-beta-D-fructofuranose; D-Fructose 2,6-bisphosphoric acid; D-Fructose 2,6-diphosphate; Fru 2,6-P2, fructose 2,6-diphosphate; Fructose 2,6-biphosphate; Fructose 2,6-bisphosphate; Fructose 2,6-diphosphate; Fructose-2,6-diphosphate; Phosphofructokinase activation factor; Phosphofructokinase activator; b-D-Fructose 2,6-bisphosphate; beta-D-Fructose 2,6-bisphosphate
Source Endogenous;Yeast Metabolite;Food;Microbial
Structure Type   Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates  (Click to Show/Hide the Complete Structure Type Hierarchy)
Organic oxygen compounds
Organooxygen compounds
Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates
PubChem CID
105021
HMDB ID
HMDB0001047
Formula
C6H14O12P2
Structure
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3D MOL 2D MOL
  Click to Show/Hide the Molecular/Functional Data (External Links/Property/Function) of This Metabolite
KEGG ID
C00665
ChEBI ID
28602
FooDB ID
FDB022390
ChemSpider ID
94762
METLIN ID
5964
Physicochemical Properties Molecular Weight 340.12 Topological Polar Surface Area 203
XlogP -5 Complexity 428
Heavy Atom Count 20 Rotatable Bond Count 6
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count 7 Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count 12
Function
D-Fructose 2,6-bisphosphate (CAS: 77164-51-3), also known as phosphofructokinase activator, belongs to the class of organic compounds known as pentose phosphates. These are carbohydrate derivatives containing a pentose substituted by one or more phosphate groups. D-Fructose 2,6-bisphosphate is a regulatory molecule controlling the activity of the enzyme phosphofructokinase-1 or PFK1 (in mammals). PFK1, in turn, is the key regulatory enzyme in the central metabolic pathway glycolysis. D-Fructose 2,6-bisphosphate has the effect of increasing the activity of PFK1, thus increasing the rate at which the principle food molecule glucose is broken down. At the same time, this regulatory molecule also inhibits the opposing enzyme (FBPase1) in the reverse pathway (gluconeogenesis) so that the synthesis of glucose is not taking place in the same cell where glucose is being broken down (which would be wasteful).
Regulatory Network
Full List of Protein(s) Regulating This Metabolite
      Growth factor (GF)
            Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFB1) Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   1 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Protein   Info click to show the details of this protein
               Regulating Pair Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [1]
                      Introduced Variation Recombinant protein addition of TGFB1
                      Induced Change D-Fructose 2,6-bisphosphate concentration: increase
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Brain cancer [ICD-11: 2A00]
                      Details It is reported that recombinant protein addition of TGFB1 leads to the increase of D-fructose 2,6-bisphosphate levels compared with control group.
      Transferases (EC 2)
            6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase 4 (PFKFB4) Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   1 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Protein   Info click to show the details of this protein
               Regulating Pair Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [2]
                      Introduced Variation Overexpression of PFKFB4
                      Induced Change D-Fructose 2,6-bisphosphate concentration: increase
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Breast cancer [ICD-11: 2C60] ...
                      Details It is reported that overexpression of PFKFB4 leads to the increase of D-fructose 2,6-bisphosphate levels compared with control group.
            Renal carcinoma antigen NY-REN-56 (PFKFB3) Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   1 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Protein   Info click to show the details of this protein
               Regulating Pair Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [3]
                      Introduced Variation Overexpression of PFKFB3
                      Induced Change D-Fructose 2,6-bisphosphate concentration: increase
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Healthy individual
                      Details It is reported that overexpression of PFKFB3 leads to the increase of D-fructose 2,6-bisphosphate levels compared with control group.
References
1 TGF-1 targets Smad, p38 MAPK, and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways to induce PFKFB3 gene expression and glycolysis in glioblastoma cells. FEBS J. 2017 Oct;284(20):3437-3454.
2 Fructose-2,6-bisphosphate synthesis by 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase 4 (PFKFB4) is required for the glycolytic response to hypoxia and tumor growth. Oncotarget. 2014 Aug 30;5(16):6670-86.
3 Overexpression of ubiquitous 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase in the liver of transgenic mice results in weight gain. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2008 Jan 11;365(2):291-7.

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