Details of Metabolite

General Information of MET (ID: META00315)
Name Hydroxyphenyllactic acid
Synonyms   Click to Show/Hide Synonyms of This Metabolite
(RS)-3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)lactate; (RS)-3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)lactic acid; 2-Hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate; 2-Hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid; 2-Hydroxy-3-(p-hydroxyphenyl)propionate; 2-Hydroxy-3-(p-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid; 3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-DL-lactate; 3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-DL-lactic acid; 3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)lactate; 3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)lactic acid; 3-(p-Hydroxyphenyl)-lactate; 3-(p-Hydroxyphenyl)-lactic acid; 4-Hydroxyphenyllactate; 4-Hydroxyphenyllactic acid; 4-Hydroxyphenyllactic acid, (DL)-isomer; DL-3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)lactate; DL-3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)lactic acid; DL-p-Hydroxyphenyllactate; DL-p-Hydroxyphenyllactic acid; HPLA; Hydroxyphenyllactate; Para-hydroxyphenyllactic acid; a,4-Dihydroxybenzenepropanoate; a,4-Dihydroxybenzenepropanoic acid; b-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)lactate; b-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)lactic acid; b-(p-Hydroxyphenyl)-DL-lactate; b-(p-Hydroxyphenyl)-DL-lactic acid; b-(p-Hydroxyphenyl)lactate; b-(p-Hydroxyphenyl)lactic acid; beta-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)lactic acid; beta-(p-Hydroxyphenyl)-DL-lactate; beta-(p-Hydroxyphenyl)-DL-lactic acid; beta-(p-Hydroxyphenyl)lactic acid; p-Hydroxyphenyl lactate; p-Hydroxyphenyl lactic acid; p-Hydroxyphenyllactate; p-Hydroxyphenyllactic acid
Source Endogenous;Yeast Metabolite;Food;Microbial
Structure Type   Phenylpropanoic acids  (Click to Show/Hide the Complete Structure Type Hierarchy)
Phenylpropanoids and polyketides
Phenylpropanoic acids
PubChem CID
9378
HMDB ID
HMDB0000755
Formula
C9H10O4
Structure
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3D MOL 2D MOL
  Click to Show/Hide the Molecular/Functional Data (External Links/Property/Function) of This Metabolite
KEGG ID
C03672
ChEBI ID
17385
FooDB ID
FDB017136
ChemSpider ID
9010
METLIN ID
5723
Physicochemical Properties Molecular Weight 182.17 Topological Polar Surface Area 77.8
XlogP 0.3 Complexity 173
Heavy Atom Count 13 Rotatable Bond Count 3
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count 3 Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count 4
Function
Hydroxyphenyllactic acid or 4-hydroxyphenyllactate (the L-form) is a tyrosine metabolite. The level of L-hydroxyphenyllactic acid is elevated in patients with a deficiency of the enzyme p-hydroxyphenylpyruvate oxidase (EC 1.14.2.2). L-hydroxyphenyllactate is present in relatively higher concentrations in the cerebrospinal fluid and urine of patients with phenylketonuria (PKU) and tyrosinemia. However, the D-form of hydroxyphenyllactate is of bacterial origin and is also found in individuals with bacterial overgrowth or unusual gut microflora. Microbial hydroxyphenyllactate is likely derived from phenolic or polyphenolic compounds in the diet. Bifidobacteria and lactobacilli produce considerable amounts of phenyllactic and p-hydroxyphenyllactic acids. It has also been shown that hydroxyphenyllactate decreases ROS (reactive oxygen species) production in both mitochondria and neutrophils and so hydroxyphenyllactate may function as a natural anti-oxidant. Hydroxyphenyllactic acid is a microbial metabolite found in Acinetobacter, Bacteroides, Bifidobacteria, Bifidobacterium, Clostridium, Enterococcus, Escherichia, Eubacterium, Klebsiella, Lactobacillus, Pseudomonas and Staphylococcus.
Regulatory Network
Full List of Protein(s) Regulating This Metabolite
      Apolipoprotein (Apo)
            Apolipoprotein A-II (APOA2) Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   1 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Protein   Info click to show the details of this protein
               Regulating Pair Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [1]
                      Introduced Variation Mutation (-265T >C(rs5082)) of APOA2
                      Induced Change Hydroxyphenyllactic acid concentration: decrease (FC = 0.73)
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Obesity [ICD-11: 5B81]
                      Details It is reported that mutation (-265T >C(rs5082)) of APOA2 leads to the decrease of hydroxyphenyllactic acid levels compared with control group.
      Hydrolases (EC 3)
            Sulfatase sulf-1 (SULF1) Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   1 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Protein   Info click to show the details of this protein
               Regulating Pair Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [2]
                      Introduced Variation Knockdown (shRNA) of SULF1
                      Induced Change Hydroxyphenyllactic acid concentration: decrease (FC = 0.19 / 0.26)
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Ovarian cancer [ICD-11: 2C73]
                      Details It is reported that knockdown of SULF1 leads to the decrease of hydroxyphenyllactic acid levels compared with control group.
      Pore-forming PNC peptide (PNC)
            Cellular tumor antigen p53 (TP53) Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   1 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Protein   Info click to show the details of this protein
               Regulating Pair Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [3]
                      Introduced Variation Knockout of TP53
                      Induced Change Hydroxyphenyllactic acid concentration: increase (Log2 FC=1.33)
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Colon cancer [ICD-11: 2B90]
                      Details It is reported that knockout of TP53 leads to the increase of hydroxyphenyllactic acid levels compared with control group.
References
1 Epigenomics and metabolomics reveal the mechanism of the APOA2-saturated fat intake interaction affecting obesity. Am J Clin Nutr. 2018 Jul 1;108(1):188-200.
2 Erratum to: Loss of HSulf-1 promotes altered lipid metabolism in ovarian cancer. Cancer Metab. 2014 Nov 4;2:24.
3 Integrative omics analysis of p53-dependent regulation of metabolism. FEBS Lett. 2018 Feb;592(3):380-393.

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