Details of Metabolite

General Information of MET (ID: META00819)
Name Paraxanthine
Synonyms   Click to Show/Hide Synonyms of This Metabolite
1,7-Dimethyl-xanthine; 1,7-Dimethylxanthine; 3,7-Dihydro-1,7-dimethyl-1H-purine-2,6-dione; p-Xanthine
Source Endogenous;Drug Metabolite;Food;TCM Ingredients;Caffeine;Herbal Ingredients In-Vivo Metabolism
Structure Type   Purines and purine derivatives  (Click to Show/Hide the Complete Structure Type Hierarchy)
Organoheterocyclic compounds
Imidazopyrimidines
Purines and purine derivatives
PubChem CID
4687
HMDB ID
HMDB0001860
Formula
C7H8N4O2
Structure
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3D MOL 2D MOL
  Click to Show/Hide the Molecular/Functional Data (External Links/Property/Function) of This Metabolite
KEGG ID
C13747
ChEBI ID
25858
FooDB ID
FDB022714
ChemSpider ID
4525
METLIN ID
1457
Physicochemical Properties Molecular Weight 180.16 Topological Polar Surface Area 67.2
XlogP -0.2 Complexity 267
Heavy Atom Count 13 Rotatable Bond Count N.A.
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count 1 Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count 3
Function
1,7-dimethylxanthine (paraxanthine) is the preferential path of caffeine metabolism in humans. Paraxanthine is a dimethylxanthine compound structurally related to caffeine. Like caffeine, paraxanthine is a psychoactive central nervous system (CNS) stimulant. It possesses a potency roughly equal to that of caffeine and is likely involved in the mediation of the effects of caffeine itself.
Regulatory Network
Full List of Protein(s) Regulating This Metabolite
      Transcription factor (TF)
            R2R3-MYB (AN2) Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   1 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Protein   Info click to show the details of this protein
               Regulating Pair Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [1]
                      Introduced Variation Overexpression of AN2
                      Induced Change Paraxanthine concentration: decrease (FC = 0.01)
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Healthy individual
                      Details It is reported that overexpression of AN2 leads to the decrease of paraxanthine levels compared with control group.
References
1 Comprehensive Influences of Overexpression of a MYB Transcriptor Regulating Anthocyanin Biosynthesis on Transcriptome and Metabolome of Tobacco Leaves. Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Oct 16;20(20):5123.

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