| General Information of MET (ID: META00427) |
| Name |
Coenzyme A
|
| Synonyms |
Click to Show/Hide Synonyms of This Metabolite
18-CoA-18-oxo-Dinor-LTB4; 3'-Phosphoadenosine-(5')diphospho(4')pantatheine, '[(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(6-Amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-4-hydroxy-3-(phosphonooxy)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl]methyl (3R)-3-hydroxy-4-({3-oxo-3-[(2-sulfanylethyl)amino]propyl}amino)-2,2-dimethyl-4-oxobutyl dihydrogen diphosphate; Acetoacetyl coenzyme A sodium salt; CoA; CoA Hydrate; CoA-SH; CoASH; Coenzym a; Coenzyme A; Depot-zeel; HSCoA; Koenzym a; Propionyl CoA; Propionyl coenzyme A; S-Propanoate; S-Propanoate CoA; S-Propanoate coenzyme A; S-Propanoic acid; S-Propionate CoA; S-Propionate coenzyme A; Zeel; [(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(6-Amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-4-hydroxy-3-(phosphonooxy)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl]methyl (3R)-3-hydroxy-4-({3-oxo-3-[(2-sulfanylethyl)amino]propyl}amino)-2,2-dimethyl-4-oxobutyl dihydrogen diphosphoric acid; [(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(6-Amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-4-hydroxy-3-(phosphonooxy)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl]methyl (3R)-3-hydroxy-4-({3-oxo-3-[(2-sulphanylethyl)amino]propyl}amino)-2,2-dimethyl-4-oxobutyl dihydrogen diphosphate; [(2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(6-Amino-9H-purin-9-yl)-4-hydroxy-3-(phosphonooxy)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl]methyl (3R)-3-hydroxy-4-({3-oxo-3-[(2-sulphanylethyl)amino]propyl}amino)-2,2-dimethyl-4-oxobutyl dihydrogen diphosphoric acid; a, Coenzyme; coenzyme A Hydrate; coenzyme A-SH; coenzyme ASH
|
| Source |
Endogenous;Escherichia Coli Metabolite;Yeast Metabolite;Food;Cosmetic;Microbial
|
| Structure Type |
Purine ribonucleotides (Click to Show/Hide the Complete Structure Type Hierarchy)
Nucleosides, nucleotides, and analogues
Purine nucleotides
Purine ribonucleotides
|
| PubChem CID |
|
| HMDB ID |
|
| Formula |
C21H36N7O16P3S
|
| Structure |
<iframe style="width: 300px; height: 300px;" frameborder="0" src="https://embed.molview.org/v1/?mode=balls&cid=87642"></iframe>
|
 |
|
3D MOL is unavailable
|
2D MOL
|
|
Click to Show/Hide the Molecular/Functional Data (External Links/Property/Function) of This Metabolite
|
| KEGG ID |
|
| DrugBank ID |
|
| ChEBI ID |
|
| FooDB ID |
|
| Physicochemical Properties |
Molecular Weight |
767.5 |
Topological Polar Surface Area |
348 |
| XlogP |
-5.8 |
Complexity |
1270 |
| Heavy Atom Count |
48 |
Rotatable Bond Count |
18 |
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count |
10 |
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count |
21 |
| Function |
Coenzyme A (CoA, CoASH, or HSCoA) is a coenzyme notable for its role in the synthesis and oxidization of fatty acids and the oxidation of pyruvate in the citric acid cycle. It is adapted from beta-mercaptoethylamine, panthothenate, and adenosine triphosphate. It is also a parent compound for other transformation products, including but not limited to, phenylglyoxylyl-CoA, tetracosanoyl-CoA, and 6-hydroxyhex-3-enoyl-CoA. Coenzyme A is synthesized in a five-step process from pantothenate and cysteine. In the first step pantothenate (vitamin B5) is phosphorylated to 4'-phosphopantothenate by the enzyme pantothenate kinase (PanK, CoaA, CoaX). In the second step, a cysteine is added to 4'-phosphopantothenate by the enzyme phosphopantothenoylcysteine synthetase (PPC-DC, CoaB) to form 4'-phospho-N-pantothenoylcysteine (PPC). In the third step, PPC is decarboxylated to 4'-phosphopantetheine by phosphopantothenoylcysteine decarboxylase (CoaC). In the fourth step, 4'-phosphopantetheine is adenylylated to form dephospho-CoA by the enzyme phosphopantetheine adenylyl transferase (CoaD). Finally, dephospho-CoA is phosphorylated using ATP to coenzyme A by the enzyme dephosphocoenzyme A kinase (CoaE). Since coenzyme A is, in chemical terms, a thiol, it can react with carboxylic acids to form thioesters, thus functioning as an acyl group carrier. CoA assists in transferring fatty acids from the cytoplasm to the mitochondria. A molecule of coenzyme A carrying an acetyl group is also referred to as acetyl-CoA. When it is not attached to an acyl group, it is usually referred to as 'CoASH' or 'HSCoA'. Coenzyme A is also the source of the phosphopantetheine group that is added as a prosthetic group to proteins such as acyl carrier proteins and formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase. Acetyl-CoA is an important molecule itself. It is the precursor to HMG CoA which is a vital component in cholesterol and ketone synthesis. Furthermore, it contributes an acetyl group to choline to produce acetylcholine in a reaction catalysed by choline acetyltransferase. Its main task is conveying the carbon atoms within the acetyl group to the citric acid cycle to be oxidized for energy production.
|
|
Regulatory Network
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
click to show the details of this protein
Induced Change