Details of Metabolite

General Information of MET (ID: META00125)
Name p-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid
Synonyms   Click to Show/Hide Synonyms of This Metabolite
(4-Hydroxy-phenyl)-acetate; (4-Hydroxy-phenyl)-acetic acid; (4-Hydroxy-phenyl)-essigsaeure; (4-Hydroxyphenyl)acetate; (4-Hydroxyphenyl)acetic acid; (p-Hydroxyphenyl)-acetate; (p-Hydroxyphenyl)-acetic acid; (p-Hydroxyphenyl)acetate; (p-Hydroxyphenyl)acetic acid; 4-Carboxymethylphenol; 4-Hydroxy-benzeneacetate; 4-Hydroxy-benzeneacetic acid; 4-Hydroxybenzeneacetate; 4-Hydroxybenzeneacetic acid; 4-Hydroxyphenyl-acetic acid; 4-Hydroxyphenylacetate; 4-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid; Para-hydroxyphenylacetic acid; Parahydroxy phenylacetate; Parahydroxy phenylacetic acid; Parahydroxyphenylacetate; p-Hydroxyphenylacetate; p-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid
Source Food;Yeast Metabolite;Food;TCM Ingredients;quercetin;Microbial; Herbal Ingredients In-Vivo Metabolism
Structure Type   1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoids  (Click to Show/Hide the Complete Structure Type Hierarchy)
Benzenoids
Phenols
1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoids
PubChem CID
127
HMDB ID
HMDB0000020
Formula
C8H8O3
Structure
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3D MOL 2D MOL
  Click to Show/Hide the Molecular/Functional Data (External Links/Property/Function) of This Metabolite
KEGG ID
C00642
ChEBI ID
18101
FooDB ID
FDB010534
ChemSpider ID
124
METLIN ID
130
Physicochemical Properties Molecular Weight 152.15 Topological Polar Surface Area 57.5
XlogP 0.8 Complexity 136
Heavy Atom Count 11 Rotatable Bond Count 2
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count 2 Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count 3
Function
p-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid, also known as 4-hydroxybenzeneacetate, is classified as a member of the 1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoids. 1-Hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoids are phenols that are unsubstituted at the 2-position. p-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid is considered to be slightly soluble (in water) and acidic. p-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid can be synthesized from acetic acid. It is also a parent compound for other transformation products, including but not limited to, methyl 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetate, ixerochinolide, and lactucopicrin 15-oxalate. p-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid can be found in numerous foods such as olives, cocoa beans, oats, and mushrooms. p-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid can be found throughout all human tissues and in all biofluids. Within a cell, p-hydroxyphenylacetic acid is primarily located in the cytoplasm and in the extracellular space. p-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid is also a microbial metabolite produced by Acinetobacter, Clostridium, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas, and Proteus. Higher levels of this metabolite are associated with an overgrowth of small intestinal bacteria from Clostridia species including C. difficile, C. stricklandii, C. lituseburense, C. subterminale, C. putrefaciens, and C. propionicum. p-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid is detected after the consumption of whole grain.
Regulatory Network
Full List of Protein(s) Regulating This Metabolite
      Hydrolases (EC 3)
            Leukotriene-C4 hydrolase (GGT1) Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   1 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Protein   Info click to show the details of this protein
               Regulating Pair Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [1]
                      Introduced Variation Knockdown (siRNA) of GGT1
                      Induced Change p-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid concentration: increase
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Renal cell carcinoma [ICD-11: 2C90]
                      Details It is reported that knockdown of GGT1 leads to the increase of p-hydroxyphenylacetic acid levels compared with control group.
References
1 Impairment of gamma-glutamyl transferase 1 activity in the metabolic pathogenesis of chromophobe renal cell carcinoma. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2018 Jul 3;115(27):E6274-E6282.

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