Details of Protein
| General Information of Protein (ID: PRT01596) | |||||
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| Name | Glycogen synthase kinase-3 alpha (GSK-3A) | ||||
| Synonyms |
Click to Show/Hide Synonyms of This Protein
GSK-3 alpha; Serine/threonine-protein kinase GSK3A; GSK3A
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| Gene Name | GSK3A | Gene ID | |||
| UniProt ID | |||||
| Family | Transferases (EC 2) | ||||
| EC Number | EC: 2.7.11.26 (Click to Show/Hide the Complete EC Tree) | ||||
| Click to Show/Hide the Molecular/Functional Data (Sequence/Structure/Function) of This Protein | |||||
| Sequence |
MSGGGPSGGGPGGSGRARTSSFAEPGGGGGGGGGGPGGSASGPGGTGGGKASVGAMGGGV
GASSSGGGPGGSGGGGSGGPGAGTSFPPPGVKLGRDSGKVTTVVATLGQGPERSQEVAYT DIKVIGNGSFGVVYQARLAETRELVAIKKVLQDKRFKNRELQIMRKLDHCNIVRLRYFFY SSGEKKDELYLNLVLEYVPETVYRVARHFTKAKLTIPILYVKVYMYQLFRSLAYIHSQGV CHRDIKPQNLLVDPDTAVLKLCDFGSAKQLVRGEPNVSYICSRYYRAPELIFGATDYTSS IDVWSAGCVLAELLLGQPIFPGDSGVDQLVEIIKVLGTPTREQIREMNPNYTEFKFPQIK AHPWTKVFKSRTPPEAIALCSSLLEYTPSSRLSPLEACAHSFFDELRCLGTQLPNNRPLP PLFNFSAGELSIQPSLNAILIPPHLRSPAGTTTLTPSSQALTETPTSSDWQSTDATPTLT NSS |
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| Structure | |||||
| Function | Constitutively active protein kinase that acts as a negative regulator in the hormonal control of glucose homeostasis, Wnt signaling and regulation of transcription factors and microtubules, by phosphorylating and inactivating glycogen synthase (GYS1 or GYS2), CTNNB1/beta-catenin, APC and AXIN1. Requires primed phosphorylation of the majority of its substrates. Contributes to insulin regulation of glycogen synthesis by phosphorylating and inhibiting GYS1 activity and hence glycogen synthesis. Regulates glycogen metabolism in liver, but not in muscle. May also mediate the development of insulin resistance by regulating activation of transcription factors. In Wnt signaling, regulates the level and transcriptional activity of nuclear CTNNB1/beta-catenin. Facilitates amyloid precursor protein (APP) processing and the generation of APP-derived amyloid plaques found in Alzheimer disease. May be involved in the regulation of replication in pancreatic beta-cells. Is necessary for the establishment of neuronal polarity and axon outgrowth. Through phosphorylation of the anti-apoptotic protein MCL1, may control cell apoptosis in response to growth factors deprivation. Acts as a regulator of autophagy by mediating phosphorylation of KAT5/TIP60 under starvation conditions, leading to activate KAT5/TIP60 acetyltransferase activity and promote acetylation of key autophagy regulators, such as ULK1 and RUBCNL/Pacer. Negatively regulates extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors. Promotes the formation of an anti-apoptotic complex, made of DDX3X, BRIC2 and GSK3B, at death receptors, including TNFRSF10B. The anti-apoptotic function is most effective with weak apoptotic signals and can be overcome by stronger stimulation. | ||||
| Regulatory Network | |||||
| Full List of Metabolite(s) Regulating This Protein | ||||||
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| Organic acids and derivatives | ||||||
| Leucine | Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s): 1 Pair(s) | |||||
| Detailed Information |
Metabo Info
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| Regulating Pair |
Experim Info
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[1] | ||||
| Introduced Variation | Leucine addition (5 hours) | |||||
| Induced Change | GSK3A protein phosphorylation levels: increase | |||||
| Summary | Introduced Variation
Induced Change
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| Disease Status | Healthy individual | |||||
| Details | It is reported that leucine addition causes the increase of GSK3A protein phosphorylation compared with control group. | |||||
| References | |||||
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| 1 | Influence of leucine on protein metabolism, phosphokinase expression, and cell proliferation in human duodenum1,3. Am J Clin Nutr. 2011 Jun;93(6):1255-62. | ||||
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