Details of Metabolite

General Information of MET (ID: META00168)
Name Glycerol 3-phosphate
Synonyms   Click to Show/Hide Synonyms of This Metabolite
(R)-Glycerol 1-phosphate; (R)-Glycerol 1-phosphoric acid; 1-(Dihydrogen phosphate) glycerol; 1-Glycerophosphate; 1-Glycerophosphorate; 1-Glycerophosphoric acid; 1-Phosphoglycerol; 3-Glycerophosphate; D-(Glycerol 1-phosphate); D-(Glycerol 1-phosphoric acid); D-Glycerol 1-phosphate; D-Glycerol 1-phosphoric acid; DL-Glycerol 1-phosphate; DL-Glycerol 3-phosphate; DL-a-Glycerol phosphate; DL-a-Glycerophosphate; DL-a-Glycerophosphorate; DL-a-Glycerophosphoric acid; DL-a-Glyceryl phosphate; DL-alpha-Glycerol phosphate; DL-alpha-Glycerophosphate; DL-alpha-Glycerophosphorate; DL-alpha-Glycerophosphoric acid; DL-alpha-Glyceryl phosphate; Dihydrogen a-glycerophosphate; Disodium glycerophosphate; Glycerol 1-phosphate; Glycerol 3-phosphoric acid; Glycerol a-phosphate; Glycerol monophosphate; Glycerol-3-phosphate; Glycerol-3-phosphoric acid; Glycerophosphate; Glycerophosphorate; Glycerophosphoric acid; Glycerophosphoric acid I; Glyceryl phosphate; L-(Glycerol 3-phosphate); L-(Glycerol 3-phosphoric acid); Phosphate mono-((R)-2,3-dihydroxy-propyl) ester; Phosphoric acid mono-((R)-2,3-dihydroxy-propyl) ester; Phosphorsaeure-mono-((R)-2,3-dihydroxy-propylester); Sodium glycerophosphate; a-Glycerophosphate; a-Glycerophosphorate; a-Glycerophosphoric acid; a-Phosphoglycerol; alpha-Glycerophosphate; alpha-Glycerophosphorate; alpha-Glycerophosphoric acid; alpha-Glycerophosphoric acid, (DL)-isomer; alpha-Glycerophosphoric acid, (R)-isomer; alpha-Glycerophosphoric acid, (S)-isomer; alpha-Glycerophosphoric acid, 1,2,3-propanetriol-1-(18)O,3-(dihydrogen phosphate)-labeled; alpha-Glycerophosphoric acid, 1,2,3-propanetriol-2-(18)O,3-(dihydrogen phosphate)-labeled; alpha-Glycerophosphoric acid, calcium salt; alpha-Glycerophosphoric acid, disodium salt; alpha-Glycerophosphoric acid, disodium salt (+-)-isomer; alpha-Glycerophosphoric acid, disodium salt hexahydrate(+-)-isomer; alpha-Glycerophosphoric acid, fe salt; alpha-Glycerophosphoric acid, fe(+3) salt (3:2); alpha-Glycerophosphoric acid, monocalcium salt; alpha-Glycerophosphoric acid, monocalcium salt (S)-isomer; alpha-Glycerophosphoric acid, monomagnesium salt; alpha-Glycerophosphoric acid, sodium salt; alpha-Phosphoglycerol; sn-GLYCEROL-3-phosphATE; sn-GLYCEROL-3-phosphoric acid; sn-Glycerol 3-phosphate; sn-Gro-1-p
Source Endogenous;Escherichia Coli Metabolite;Yeast Metabolite;Food;Drug
Structure Type   Glycerophosphates  (Click to Show/Hide the Complete Structure Type Hierarchy)
Lipids and lipid-like molecules
Glycerophospholipids
Glycerophosphates
PubChem CID
439162
HMDB ID
HMDB0000126
Formula
C3H9O6P
Structure
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3D MOL 2D MOL
  Click to Show/Hide the Molecular/Functional Data (External Links/Property/Function) of This Metabolite
KEGG ID
C00093
DrugBank ID
DB02515
ChEBI ID
15978
FooDB ID
FDB021800
ChemSpider ID
388308
METLIN ID
5161
Physicochemical Properties Molecular Weight 172.07 Topological Polar Surface Area 107
XlogP -2.9 Complexity 129
Heavy Atom Count 10 Rotatable Bond Count 4
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count 4 Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count 6
Function
Glycerol 3-phosphate is a chemical intermediate in the glycolysis metabolic pathway. It is commonly confused with the similarly named glycerate 3-phosphate or glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate. Glycerol 3-phosphate is produced from glycerol, the triose sugar backbone of triglycerides and glycerophospholipids, by the enzyme glycerol kinase. Glycerol 3-phospate may then be converted by dehydrogenation to dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) by the enzyme glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. DHAP can then be rearranged into glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (GA3P) by triose phosphate isomerase (TIM), and feed into glycolysis. The glycerol 3-phosphate shuttle is used to rapidly regenerate NAD+ in the brain and skeletal muscle cells of mammals.
Regulatory Network
Full List of Protein(s) Regulating This Metabolite
      Pore-forming PNC peptide (PNC)
            Cellular tumor antigen p53 (TP53) Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   1 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Protein   Info click to show the details of this protein
               Regulating Pair Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [1]
                      Introduced Variation Knockout of TP53
                      Induced Change Glycerol 3-phosphate concentration: decrease (Log2 FC=0.52)
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Colon cancer [ICD-11: 2B90]
                      Details It is reported that knockout of TP53 leads to the decrease of glycerol 3-phosphate levels compared with control group.
      Transcription factor (TF)
            Forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1) Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   1 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Protein   Info click to show the details of this protein
               Regulating Pair Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [2]
                      Introduced Variation Overexpression of Foxo1
                      Induced Change Glycerol 3-phosphate concentration: increase (FC = 1.60)
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Healthy individual
                      Details It is reported that overexpression of Foxo1 leads to the increase of glycerol 3-phosphate levels compared with control group.
            Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF1A) Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   2 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Protein   Info click to show the details of this protein
               Regulating Pair (1) Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [3]
                      Introduced Variation Knockout of HIF1A
                      Induced Change Glycerol 3-phosphate concentration: decrease
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Colorectal cancer [ICD-11: 2B91]
                      Details It is reported that knockout of HIF1A leads to the decrease of glycerol 3-phosphate levels compared with control group.
               Regulating Pair (2) Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [3]
                      Introduced Variation Knockout of HIF1A
                      Induced Change Glycerol 3-phosphate concentration: increase
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Colorectal cancer [ICD-11: 2B91]
                      Details It is reported that knockout of HIF1A leads to the increase of glycerol 3-phosphate levels compared with control group.
            Myc proto-oncogene protein (MYC) Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   1 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Protein   Info click to show the details of this protein
               Regulating Pair Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [4]
                      Introduced Variation Knockdown (siRNA) of MYC
                      Induced Change Glycerol 3-phosphate concentration: decrease
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Colorectal cancer [ICD-11: 2B91]
                      Details It is reported that knockdown of MYC leads to the decrease of glycerol 3-phosphate levels compared with control group.
      Transferases (EC 2)
            Pyridoxal kinase (PDXK) Click to Show/Hide the Full List of Regulating Pair(s):   1 Pair(s)
               Detailed Information Protein   Info click to show the details of this protein
               Regulating Pair Experim Info click to show the details of experiment for validating this pair [5]
                      Introduced Variation Knockout (CRISPR/Cas9 sgRNA) of PDXK
                      Induced Change Glycerol 3-phosphate concentration: decrease
                      Summary Introduced Variation         Induced Change 
                      Disease Status Acute myeloid leukaemia [ICD-11: 2A60]
                      Details It is reported that knockout of PDXK leads to the decrease of glycerol 3-phosphate levels compared with control group.
References
1 Integrative omics analysis of p53-dependent regulation of metabolism. FEBS Lett. 2018 Feb;592(3):380-393.
2 Metabolomic analysis of C2C12 myoblasts induced by the transcription factor FOXO1. FEBS Lett. 2019 Jun;593(12):1303-1312.
3 Hypoxia induces a lipogenic cancer cell phenotype via HIF1-dependent and -independent pathways. Oncotarget. 2015 Feb 10;6(4):1920-41.
4 Global metabolic reprogramming of colorectal cancer occurs at adenoma stage and is induced by MYC. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2017 Sep 12;114(37):E7697-E7706.
5 Vitamin B6 Addiction in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Cancer Cell. 2020 Jan 13;37(1):71-84.e7.

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